Devenir périnatal issu des grossesses rapprochées étude retrospective Marocaine / Perinatal outcome of closely spaced pregnancies: a Moroccan retrospective study

Introduction: déterminer les complications périnatales associées aux grossesses rapprochées. Méthodes: une étude cas-témoin rétrospective menée du 1er juin 2020 au 1er juin 2021 au centre hospitalier provincial de Settat. Au total, 670 patients ont été recrutés. Six cent trente personnes ont été réparties en deux groupes. Un groupe de patientes avec des intervalles intergénésique <9 mois (N = 443) et un groupe témoin >9 mois (N = 187). Résultats: la prématurité, la dénutrition et l'anémie p<0,05 étaient les principales complications et les principaux facteurs de risque de grossesse imminente étaient l'âge >35 ans (OR = 19,079 (4,98; 73,06) p<0,005) et le milieu rural (OR = 0,468)) (0,28; 0,78) p<0,005), niveau socio-économique bas (OR = 3,465 (2,06; 5,81) p<0,005); absence de prescriptions contraceptives postnatales (OR = 15,77 [7,31; 33,99]; p<0,005); absence d´allaitement avant la grossesse (OR = 49,462 [15,78; 155,03]; p<0,05). Conclusion: des soins préventifs et ciblés sont nécessaires en matière de planification familiale pour éviter les complications périnatales.

Introduction: the purpose of this study is to provide Moroccan data, study maternal risk factors and identify perinatal complications related to closely-spaced pregnancies. Methods: we conducted a retrospective case-control study at the Provincial Hospital Center in the city of Settat since June 1, 2020 to June 1, 2021. A total of 1,200 patients were admitted, but only 630 were included in the study. They were divided into 2 groups: a group of patients whose interpregnancy interval was <9 months (N = 443) and a control group whose interpregnancy interval was >9 months (N = 187). Results: prematurity, hypotrophy and anemia p<0,05 were the main complications, the main risk factors for closely-spaced pregnancies were age >35 years (OR =19,079 (4,98; 73,06) p < 0,005), coming from a rural area (OR = 0,468 [0,28; 0,78] p < 0,005), having a low socioeconomic status (OR =3,465 [2,06; 5,81]; p < 0,005); the absence of contraceptive prescription in the postpartum period (OR =15,77 [7,31; 33,99]; p < 0,005); and breastfeeding breaks before getting pregnant (OR = 49,462 [15,78; 155,03]; p<0,05). Conclusion: prevention and specific family planning methods are necessary to avoid perinatal complications.

Factors associated with unmet need for birth spacing among Angolan women

Unmet need for family planning (UNFP) remains a public health concern in Angola. The objective of this study was to analyze the factors associated with UNFP among Angolan women aged 15-49 years in 2015-2016. This was an analytical cross-sectional study. A multiple logistic regression model using data from the Angola Demographic and Health Survey 2015-2016 was performed to determine the associated factors. In total, the study involved 8033 women, 22% of whom were between 25-29 years of age. A large number (65%) lived in urban areas and 39% had primary education. About 1/4 of the women(26%) had UNFP for birth spacing. Associated factors were multiple. Age, credible source of information on family planning were protective factors against UNFP for birth spacing while economic level, the woman's level of education were risk factors for NFP. (Afr J Reprod Health 2022;26[6]:22-26).

Autodétermination des femmes dans la santé sexuelle et reproductive à Lubumbashi, République Démocratique du Congo / NA

ntroduction.La santé reproductive est caractérisée par une vie sexuelle satisfaisante, sûre et la capacité de se reproduire et de prendre des décisions. La vie de beaucoup de femmes estmarquée par les capacités d'action réduites quant aux décisions portant sur leur propre vie. L'objectif était d'évaluer l'autodétermination des femmes en matière de la santésexuelle et reproductive.Matérieletméthodes.Il s'agit d'une étude descriptive transversale effectuée dans 5 maternités de la ville de Lubumbashi au mois de juillet 2021 au près des 46 accouchées ayant accepté librement de participer à cette étude basée sur le questionnaire préétabli. Résultats.L'analyse des données montre que la moyenne d'âge était de 27,8 ± 3,6 ans avec les extrêmes entre 17 et 41 ans, dont 58,7% d'entre elles avaient le niveau de secondaire et paucipares dans 52,17%. La décision des rapports sexuels revenait au couple dans 58,70%. La décision d'avoir les enfantsrevenait au couple alors que celle de nommer les enfants revenait au mari dans 45,65% et 45,65%. Le nombre d'enfants était déterminé par le couple dans 45,65%. L'espacement des naissances était déterminé par la femme dans 45,65%. Le début de la CPN était décidé par la femme dans 86,6% et le choix du lieu des consultation prénatales(CPN) étaient décidés par la femme dans 89,13%. Le moment de se rendre à la maternité était décidé par la femme dans 73,91%. Le retour à domicile était décidé par le couple dans 39,13% et la décision des rapports sexuels après l'accouchement revenait à l'homme dans 52,17%.Conclusion.La femme congolaise n'a pas toujours une autodétermination maximale dans la santé reproductive. Ainsi des efforts supplémentaires sont nécessairespour laisser la liberté aux femmes de prendre des décisions qui conviennent mieux pour leur santé

Facteurs associes aux longs intervalles intergenesiques au Senegal. Analyse approfondie de l'EDS-MICS 2010-2011

Cette etude examine comment certains couples senegalais atteignent un intervalle intergenesique long malgre une prevalence contraceptive de 13; toutes methodes; parmi les femmes en union et contribue a en determiner les facteurs explicatifs et leur poids relatif. Les facteurs les plus importants sont dans l'ordre: 1) desir de la derniere grossesse; 2) duree de l'amenorrhee post-partum; 3) age au deces de l'avant-dernier enfant; 4) abstinence post-partum; 5) niveau d'education du mari; et 6) survenance de deces fotal. Des recommandations sont faites par rapport a l'acces aux services de planification familiale et a la reduction de la mortalite infanto-juvenile. Des pistes de recherches futures sont aussi avancees

Age at First Marriage and First Birth Interval in Ethiopia: Analysis of the Roles of Social and Demographic Factors

The ages at which females establish marital union and give first birth depend on and result in varying demographic features. Utilizing the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey Data; this study examined determinants of first birth interval. The analysis was made using Cox proportional hazard model and Kaplan Meier plot based on data collected from 10;240 ever-married women in the age group 15 to 49. The result shows that first marriage at early age; lower level of education; older marriage cohort; and residence in Amhara region significantly elongated first birth interval. It reveals that timings of marriage and first birth are partly governed by social factors and marriage practices of the society although modernization factors have roles to play. The findings indicate the importance of considering the context within which marriage and first birth take place to address reproductive health problems of women and speed-up the achievement of the targets set in the National Population Policy of Ethiopia

Barriers to adoption of family planning among women in Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo

The objectives of this survey were to identify women's level of KAP toward FP; identify possible barriers to using FP; determine pregnancy spacing pattern; and ascertain the level of FP promotion by health workers. This was a 2-weeks cross-sectional survey at all maternity units in Butembo of post-partum women. 572 women were interviewed. FP knowledge was high (76%), perception good (80%). Majority used traditional methods (65%), mostly Calendar method (72%). Barriers to using modern FP included lack of knowledge, fear of side effects, religious considerations and husband opposition. Unmet need for spacing and limiting was high (21 & 31%).For majority (56%), pregnancy spacing met WHO's Healthy Timing and Spacing of Pregnancy recommendations. Promotion of FP was poor (42%). Training of health workers, advocating modern contraception, improving FP services in all public health facilities and promoting FP on each contact of women is highly recommended in this city (Afr J Reprod Health 2011; 15[1]: 69-77)

Factors Affecting Unmet Need for Family Planning in Southern Nations; Nationalities and Peoples Region; Ethiopia

BACKGROUND: High fertility and low contraceptive prevalence characterize Southern Nations; Nationalities and Peoples Region. In such populations; unmet needs for contraception have a tendency to be high; mainly due to the effect of socio-economic and demographic variables. However; there has not been any study examining the relationship between these variables and unmet need in the region. This study; therefore; identifies the key socio- demographic determinants of unmet need for family planning in the region. METHODS: The study used data from the 2000 and 2005 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys. A total of 2;133 currently married women age 15-49 from the 2000 survey and 1;988 from the 2005 survey were included in the study. Unmet need for spacing; unmet need for limiting and total unmet need were used as dependent variables. Socio- demographic variables (respondent's age; age at marriage; number of living children; sex composition of living children; child mortality experience; place of residence; respondent's and partner's education; religion and work status) were treated as explanatory variables and their relative importance was examined on each of the dependent variables using multinomial and binary logistic regression models. RESULTS: Unmet need for contraception increased from 35.1in 2000 to 37.4in 2005. Unmet need for spacing remained constant at about 25; while unmet need for limiting increased by 20between 2000 and 2005. Age; age at marriage; number of living children; place of residence; respondent's education; knowledge of family planning; respondent's work status; being visited by a family planning worker and survey year emerged as significant factors affecting unmet need. On the other hand; number of living children; education; age and age at marriage were the only explanatory variables affecting unmet need for limiting. Number of living children; place of residence; age and age at marriage were also identified as factors affecting total unmet need for contraception. CONCLUSION: unmet need for spacing is more prevalent than unmet need for limiting. Women with unmet need for both spacing and limiting are more likely to be living in rural areas; have lower level of education; lower level of knowledge about family planning methods; have no work other than household chores; and have never been visited by a family planning worker. In order to address unmet need for family planning in the region; policy should set mechanisms to enforce the law on minimum age for marriage; improve child survival and increase educational access to females. In addition; the policy should promote awareness creation about family planning in rural areas

Birth Intervals and Child Survival in Kenya

This paper examines the effect of birth intervals on child survival in Kenya; using the data drawn from the 1988/89 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey. Logistic regression is used as the major method of data analysis. The results show that the birth intervals have strong negative effects on infant and child mortality. Their effects remain strong even after a large number of other explanatory variables are taken into account This paper provides empirical evidence that birth intervals of at least two years enhance the prospects of child survival in Kenya

Factors which influence birth intervals in women attending a postnatal clinic in suburbs of Kampala; Uganda; 1991

By interviewing 132 women who attended a postnatal clinic at a maternity centre in the suburbs of Kampala; Uganda; in the months of april and may; 1991; it was possible to estimate birth intervals. More than 50 percent of women had previous birth intervals of less than 2 years. A combination of women's previous pregnancies and having gone to school showed a statistically significant difference when compared with intervals. The other minor factors which influenced birth intervals were women's age and region of origin in Uganda. It is concluded that previous family planning practice influenced birth intervals. So education and information on family planning should be given everywhere and to everyone

The child spacing programme in Malawi

A brief summary of the child spacing programme during the first two years of its official existence

Medico-legal consideration in child spacing

Many countries introducing child spacing programmes have discovered existing law do not give guidance regarding the proper conduct of the activities and Malawi is no exception. Malawi uses the common law principle that states if an activity is not prohibited by law that it is legal; this is strengthened when government pronouncements state a particular activity is acceptible to the government. In the absence of specific laws in Malawi; the author raises points in order to guide providers of child spacing services and provide a basis for further discussion